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Plain Painting & Broken Colour Work, Tools, Materials and Equipment
- Composition and uses of preparatory materials (primers, sealers, fillers, undercoat, eggshell, glass, varnishes)
- Equipment used in decorative painting (torches, buckets, paint kettles, scaffolds)
- Common hand tools (rollers, knives, brushes, hammers, pincers, trowels)
Preparation of Working Drawings, Sample Panels, Colour Patterns, Surfaces and Grounds for Decorative Painting
- Components of a building in a working drawing
- Scale drawing
- Colour patterns
- Physical properties and uses of painting materials (Turpentine, White spirit, Degreasing, Abrasive, Water)
- Surface preparation (new, previously painted, cracked substrates: wood, metal, plaster)
- Appropriate preparation techniques (cleaning, rubbing down, burning off, solvent removal, stopping and filling)
- Erection of scaffold (trestles and boards)
- Dismantling of scaffold (trestles and boards)
Measurement and Setting Out
- Measuring instruments (metric rule, plumb bob and line, spirit level, scale rule, try square)
- Basic considerations and procedures in estimating and costing decorative painting jobs
- Measurement and set out in a given project
- Calculating areas of plain surfaces (rectangular and circular)
- Quantity of paint required for a given surface
- Elements in the cost of finishing per square metre (time, materials, overhead and profit, nature of background)
Technique In Decorative Painting
- Painting with correct size of brushes, appropriate technique, painting sequence and safety precautions
- Selection of correct tools for painting a paneled door (3" brush, 4" brush, sash brush)
- Selection of correct tools for wall area painting (sash tool, 12" brush, 3" brush, 4" brush, rollers for ceiling, cornice frieze, wall filling, picture rails, dado rails, skirting board)
- Difference between broken colour effects (Rag rolling, Spatter, Shading multi-colour, Sponge stippling)
- Production of broken colour effect on surfaces (Wall filling, Panels, selected surfaces)
- Maintaining working environment during and after painting (warning signs, barriers, removing paint drops, dismantling scaffold)
Finishing and Refinishing Materials
- Reasons for paint (protection, hygiene, decoration, identification)
- Basic ingredients in paint composition (pigments, binders, thinners, extenders, additives)
- Importance of paint properties (consistency, opacity, spreading capacity, adhesion, elasticity)
- Composition, basic properties and general application of Cellulose lacquer, synthetic enamel, acrylic enamels
- Identification of trade brands for Cellulose lacquer, synthetic enamel, acrylic enamels
- Types of defects of paints in the tin (flattening feeding/livering, setting, skinning)
- Importance of self-life, viscosity, spraying temperature and drying time for automobile parts
- Paint System (priming, undercoating, finishing)
- Factors influencing paint system choice (availability/cost, dry time, finish standard, parent materials, substrate type, environment)
- Functions and properties of operations and materials (degreasing, filling, stopping, priming, burnishing, sealing, feather edging, flatting, tacking off)
- Difference between straight paints and metallic paints (composition, application, problems)
- Paint system for large metallic surfaces (public service vehicles, insulated/refrigerated bodies, ambulance, furniture vans, caravans, coaches)
- Functions of masking before spray painting
- Types of masking (masking tape, masking paste)
Tools, Materials and Equipment for Spray Painting
- Parts of spray painting tools (varnish brushes, touch-up brushes, strainers)
- Types of spraying materials, their composition, properties and uses (water paints, etching/surface primers, rust remover, oil paints, lacquers, nitrocellulose)
- Types of spray painting equipment (petrol/power driven, spray guns (various types), volume spraying equipment, drying equipment, extractor fans, face masks, protective wear)
- Working principles of compressors, spray guns (suction, gravity, pressure feed, internal/external mix), and related equipment (sanders, hoses, spray booths)
- Service and maintenance of spray painting equipment (compressors, spray guns, coupler/air material hoses)
Safety Regulations and Practice Requirement
- Safety responsibilities of employer and employees in a vehicle painting shop (fire/burn, industrial dermatitis, toxic fumes, dusts)
- Health hazards in painting and industrial finishing workshops (materials, equipment)
- Industrial hygiene
- Toxicity fumes
- Materials storage system in a painter's workshop
- Functions of basic safety equipment (fire extinguisher, face mask/respirators, overall, fume/dust extractors, safety shoes/boots, industrial gloves, safety helmet, goggles)
- Importance of first aid application (minor cut, electric shock, contact with irritants, burns, fume poisoning)
- Safety measures at work (spray booths and ovens)
Spray Booths and Ovens
- Construction and organization of spray booths and ovens
- Factors affecting location and planning of a vehicle painting shop
- Layout of a spray booth (lighting, work stations, safety installations, storage facilities)
- Typical low bake conveyor ovens and display safety signs
- Necessary booth conditions for effective spraying (pure air, adequate temperature/humidity, proper lighting)
- Methods of moving vehicles in a paint shop (manual, mobile hydraulic jacks, turntable, rail and bogie system)
- Elements in the organization of vehicle paint shop (supervision, organization knowledge and ability)
Finishing and Refinishing Jobs
- Planning finishing and refinishing jobs (size, nature/condition of parent materials, finish standard, paint system, application method, equipment availability)
- Importance of costing before commencing job
- Elements in costing finished and refinishing jobs (parent material, preparatory material, labour hourly rate, overhead profit)
- Cost of finishing jobs
- Application of paint (volume/air pressure, distance from power to object)
- Area to be painted and quantity of paint to be used
- Elements in the costing of finished spray job (material, time, profit and overhead)
- Spray painting jobs (wood body finishing)
Surface for Spray Painting
- Qualities of sprayable surfaces (metal, fibreglass, reinforced plastic, wood, rendered surface)
- Methods of preparing surfaces (welding joints, repairing/using body filler, cleaning, sanding, filling, sealing, stopping)
- Drying prepared surfaces (air duster, chamois leather)
- Masking spray painting job (masking paste, masking tape, masking paper)
- Spray test area adjustment (material setting, pressure)
Vehicle Painting: Principles and Processes
- Forms of rusting action/metal corrosion and activating conditions
- Measures to prevent rusting/metal corrosion
- Application methods and equipment in paint processes (brush, spray, dipping, flow coating, electro-deposition, wet-on dry)
- Typical "high baked" and "low baked and storing processes"
- Procedures for complete respray over bare metal and respraying existing finish (single/multi-colours)
- Relative merits of hot and cold spraying methods
- Importance and methods of adequate surface preparation (paint remover, abrasive cleaning, acid pickling, flame cleaning, cellulose thinner washing, aluminum paint primer for resinous wood, shot blasting)
- Preparation for spray painting (old ferrous metal, aluminum alloy, glass fibre reinforced plastic, resinous oily woods)
- Types of masking (masking paste, masking tape, masking paper)
- Operations in spray painting jobs (cellulose synthetic enamel, acrylic enamel, metallic paints on bare metal, existing finish, local repair)
- Operations after spraying and their importance (mask removal, burnishing, polishing, mark removal, overspray removal, cleaning/refitting parts, vacuum cleaning interior, lining in work)
- Defects, causes, and preventive measures in spray painting (blistering, blooming, blushing, bridging, cob webbing, dry spray, bitterness, excessive overspray, lifting, orange peel, pin holing, runs, sags, curtain, shelving, discoloration, grinding)
- Operation of spray (mask removal, burnishing, polishing, mark removal, overspray removal, cleaning/refitting parts, vacuum cleaning interior, lining in work)
- Defect in finishing and refinishing jobs
- Remedying defects in vehicle painting
Maintenance In Spray Painting
- Replacement of defective parts of spray gun
- Dismantling the gun set up
- Maintenance of the spray gun
- Servicing the spray gun
- Re-assembling and storing the spray gun
- Maintaining tools used in spray painting (varnish brush, touch-up brushes, scrappers, knives, strainers)
- Tidiness in the workshop and premises
Tools, Materials and Equipment in Sign Writing
- Tools used in lining, sign and design work and their uses (liners, fitches, pencil brushes, knives, scrappers, bridges, mahl stick, straight edge, pencils, set square, dividers)
- Materials used in lining, sign and design work (drawing papers, water colours, oil colour, cellulose materials, varnishes, stickers)
- Properties and uses of drawing papers, water colours, oil colour, cellulose materials, varnishes, stickers
- Equipment used in lining, sign and design work (step ladders, trestles, scaffold boards, paint kettles, paint buckets, spray guns, blow lamps, gas blow torches, compressors)
- Maintenance of tools and workshop premises
Measurement in Lining, Sign and Design Work
- Measuring instruments used in lining and design work (metric rule, tape rule, scale rule)
- Lining, sign and design in given specifications
- Quantity of material required for a given project
- Estimate to complete a given job (area/size of work, design involved, materials)
- Cost of producing lining sign and design project
Preparation for Sign Writing
- Building sketch showing interior/exterior, front/back/side elevations, interior details
- Colour specifications for interior/exterior, front/back/side elevations
- Painting a building sketch with postal and actual colours
- Thinning paint to required viscosity and straining tools (thinning material, strainer)
- Colour matching
- Substrate preparation (wood, metals, plaster)
- Preparation techniques (cleaning, rubbing down (sanding), burning off, stopping, filling)
- Priming surface with wood primer, metal primer, alkali resisting primer
- Painting a given surface considering background colour
- Working platform (trestle and scaffold board, safety practice)
Technique in Lining Sign and Design Work
- Freehand lining with pencils, pencil brushes, brush liners, fitches
- Lining with bridges, mahl sticks, wheel liners
- Construction and painting of letters and numerical (capital/lower case, sans-serif block, fine square, roman letters, script)
- Scaling out a design (graphing, blowing)
- Reproducing a scale design, composition and characteristics of materials
- Protective materials/coatings used in lining, sign and design work (varnish, lacquer, gloss, wax)
- Composition and characteristics of varnish, lacquer, wax
Perspective
- Perspective drawing of the interior of a building
- Colouring the perspective drawing
- Designing a colour scheme to suit the interior lighting
Mechanical and Motive Power Tools
- Power tools for cutting sign and design (jig saw, orbital sander, hand drill)
- Safety precautions for working with power tools (jig saw, orbital sander on metallic or wooden pattern)
- Sanding edges of design with orbital sander
- Portable equipment for coating application (dip coating, roller coating, electrostatic, fluidized bed, curtain coating machines)
- Working principles of power tools and equipment
Tools, Materials and Equipment for Wall Hanging
- Tools used in wall hanging, their parts and application (paper hanging brush, scissors/shears, seam/angle rollers, felt rollers, casing, wheels)
- Materials used in wall hanging, their compositions, properties and uses (adhesives, lining papers, wall hangings)
- Wall hanging equipment and their specific function (paste board, straight edge, plumb bob and line, buckets, drop cloths, step ladder and trestle, steam stripper, spirit level)
- Use of appropriate wall hanging tools, equipment and materials in given jobs
- Care and maintenance of tools and equipment
Measurement and Specification in Wall Hanging
- Instruments used for measuring and setting out projects in wall hanging (metric rule, tape rule, scale rule)
- Surface area for wall hanging and standard sizes (e.g., 10.5m x 530mm, British/American/international standards)
- Quantities of materials required for a wall hanging job (wall hanging, adhesive, lining papers)
- Cost and estimate for a wall hanging job (time, material, surface area, labour cost, profit/overhead)
Preparation for Wall Hanging
- Components of building in working drawings for wall hanging (primary elements, staircases, wall partitions/cladding)
- Use of scale rule to determine surface sizes from a given drawing and use of colour pattern
- Substrates for wall hanging (wood, metal, plaster)
- Ideal surface types and preparation (slight porous, new, previously painted, badly defected surfaces; cleaning, rubbing down, burning off, solvent removal, stopping, filling, priming, undercoating, ground colour application)
- Operations for wall hanging (trimming edges, cutting, matching/shading print, preparing adhesive, setting scaffold/trestles, setting paste table)
Technique in Wall Hanging
- Application of adhesive to wallpaper
- Folding wallpaper appropriately
- Use of plumb bob and lines
- Hanging wallpaper, avoiding creases, blisters, tears, and other defects
- Accurately cutting wall hangings around angles, ceiling rose, socket outlets, fan regulators
- Safety precautions associated with wall hanging
Materials and Equipment for Colour Matching
- Colour mixing/matching tools and equipment and their application (weighing scale, palette knives, paint kettle, glossometer, paint stirrer, paint mixer, micro reader)
- Primary and secondary colours of light (red, green, blue light; yellow, purple/magenta, blue green)
- Relationship between primary and secondary colours of pigments
- Common terms in colour mixing/matching (blue, value, chrome harmony, contrast, tone value, chromatic, natural order, discord)
Measurement in Colour Mixing/Matching
- Application of formulae to produce a secondary colour (e.g., blue + yellow = green)
- Using colour circle to reduce pigment colour (red, blue, yellow)
- Paints for producing given colours using weighing scale
Preparation of Materials and Equipment for Colour Mixing/Matching
- Basis for colour mixing/matching using pigments and neutrals (black and white)
- Chemical composition, properties and importance of pigment in paint
- Standard colours for building and decorative paints (BS 4800 standard range 88 colours)
- Colour circle (natural and discordant orders)
- Ten primary colours in Munsell colour scale (yellow, green-yellow, green, blue green, blue, purple-blue, purple, red-purple, red, yellow-red)
- Equipment for colour mixing/matching (paint kettle, micro reader)
Colour Mixing/Matching
- Stirring up the content
- Fixing up the content
- Cleaning up equipment for colour mixing/matching (paint kettle, micro reader)
- Safety precautions and regulations in colour mixing/matching
- Hazards associated with colour mixing/matching (inhalation of toxic fumes, explosion, contamination mixing pigmentary colour; yellow, red, blue, white, black under various light conditions)
Maintenance of Colour Mixing/Matching Tools and Equipment
- Types of solvents for cleaning colour mixing/matching tools and equipment (water, turpentine, white spirit, cellulose thinners)
- Solvents for cleaning tools and equipment after use, care of tools, and tidiness of work environment
Tool Material and Equipment for Glazing
- Glazing tools (cutters, hacking knives, putty/glazing knives, hammers, pincers, rules, straight edges, tape, screwdriver, wire brush, T square)
- Glazing materials (compositions, specific uses, glasses, glazing compounds, metal casement, putty primers)
Measurement in Glazing
- Glazing equipment
- Measuring area to be glazed
- Area of glass required and cut to size
Cutting Techniques in Glazing.
- Precaution in handling glass
- Precautionary method in cutting glass
Surface Preparation in Glazing.
- Surface and primer wood, metal, red lead primer
- Tools for hacking out broken glass pieces
- Casement cleaning using
- Primer red lead primer
Glazing Techniques
- Application of putty on casement
- Glass cutting and placing
- Method of holding glass in position
- Tools for applying putty

Painting and Decorating

NABTEB

course outline