Health Education

course outline

Topics

• Health Education Settings

  Includes home-based, school-based, community-based, health facility-based, and work place-based programs and services.

• Human Anatomy and Physiology

  This module covers the fundamental structures and functions of the human body, from cellular level to complex systems, including sensory organs and bodily processes.

• Types of Cells

  Somatic cells and sex cells, including the structure and functions of a typical animal cell.

• Cell Differentiation

  Formation of tissues, organs, and systems, with mention of epithelial, connective, and muscular tissues.

• Joints: Structures and Types

  Emphasis on synovial joints, location of different types, and illustration of lever classes.

• Structures and Types of Muscle Tissues

  Discussion of the three different types of muscles in relation to their functions.

• Blood and Lymph Vessels Structure and Functions

  Includes counting pulse rate, observing capillaries, and the importance of lymph nodes.

• Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System

  Sickle cell anaemia, leukaemia, haemophilia, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, coronary thrombosis, and stroke, including hereditary aspects and prevention.

• Organs of the Digestive System and their Functions

  Examination of the alimentary canal of a dissected mammal and accessory organs of digestion.

• Absorption, Assimilation, and Metabolism

  Includes tissue respiration, osmosis, diffusion, and the importance of proper eating habits.

• Process of Urine Formation

  Reference to excretory functions of the lungs and the use of dialysis machine for kidney failure.

• Respiratory System

  Examines the structure, functions, and processes of respiration, as well as related disorders.

• Process of Respiration

  Includes mechanism of breathing, gaseous exchange (total, complemental, and residual air), and tissue/cellular respiration.

• Endocrine System

  Location of endocrine glands, hormones produced, and their functions, emphasizing effects of over- and under-secretion.

• Homeostasis

  Physiological factors affecting homeostasis, including body temperature, blood sugar level, water balance, electrolytes balance, pH, and blood pressure.

• Characteristics of Correct Posture

  Related to sitting, standing, walking, and lifting; roles of nutrition and exercise.

• Types of Postural Defects

  Flat foot, scoliosis, kyphosis, and lordosis, including causes and the roles of orthopaedic hospitals and physiotherapy.

• Personal Health

  This module focuses on individual health practices and maintenance, including hygiene, health screenings, and dental health.

• Eye Defects and their Corrections

  Myopia, Hypermetropia, Astigmatism, Presbyopia, Squints (cross eye), including vision screening with Snellen chart and roles of eye specialists.

• Auditory Defects

  Includes conductive impairment (e.g., Otitis media), neurosensory impairment, and screening methods like tuning fork and audiometer.

• Community Health

  This module explores health services, programs, and demographics at community, school, and family levels, alongside aspects of ageing and death.

• Providers of Community Health Services

  Orthodox services (e.g., primary health care) and traditional services (e.g., bone setters, birth attendants), including their advantages and disadvantages.

• Components of School Health Programme

  Skill-based health education, healthful school environment (physical and biological), school feeding services, school health and nutrition services, and school, home, and community relationship.

• Linkages for Promotion (Initiatives)

  Health Promoting School (HPS), Child-Friendly School (CFS), Focusing Resources on Effective Schools Health (FRESH), Life Skills (LS), and Education for All (EFA).

• Different Aspects of Family Health: Maternal and Child Health

  Includes antenatal care, immunization, oral rehydration therapy (ORT), breast feeding, and safe motherhood.

• Components of Vital Statistics

  Birth rate, mortality rate, and morbidity rate, emphasizing the importance and use of health records.

• Environmental Health

  This module focuses on the interaction between human health and the environment, covering housing, water, waste, pollution, industrial occupations, and pest control.

• Components of a Standard House

  Effects of poor sanitation, pest infestation, and substandard housing on health.

• Nutrition and Food Nutrients

  This module covers food components, balanced diets, feeding habits, nutritional processes, and food hygiene for various population groups.

• Classes, Sources, and Functions of Food Nutrients

  Includes tests for starch, simple and complex sugars, proteins, and fats, with local examples of sources.

• Nutritional Problems

  Caloric needs in relation to age, occupation, and health condition, emphasizing food deficiency diseases.

• Nutritional Processes

  Ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, metabolism, and defecation/ejection.

• Types and Effects of Beverages

  Negative and positive effects, and nutritional value of non-alcoholic beverages.

• Diet for Different Groups of People

  Children, male adolescents, female adolescents, athletes, pregnant women, adults, and the aged.

• Meaning and Principles of Food Hygiene

  Includes food handling, cleanliness of cooking utensils and surroundings, and effects of poor food handling.

• Methods of Food Preservation

  Smoking/drying/dehydration, freezing/refrigeration, addition of chemicals/sugar/salts, bottling/pickling/canning.

• Safety Education and First Aid

  This module provides essential knowledge and skills for accident prevention, emergency response, and handling specific first aid conditions.

• Specific Emergency Conditions

  Cuts, wounds, bleeding, dislocation, fractures, burns, scalds, shocks, asphyxia/suffocation, poisoning.

• Drug, Alcohol and Tobacco Education

  This module covers the terminologies, consequences, and prevention related to drug, alcohol, and tobacco use and misuse.

• Terminologies in Drug Education

  Includes drug abuse, drug dependence, drug misuse, drug addiction, self-medication, alcoholism, and rehabilitation.

• Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases

  This module defines and classifies various diseases, exploring their causes, transmission, and preventive factors.

• Air-borne/Respiratory Diseases

  Common cold, measles, whooping cough, poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, cerebro-spinal meningitis, diphtheria.

• Worm Infections

  Ascarislumbricoides (round worm), Taeniasolium (tape worm), Ancylostomaduodenale (Hook worm), Dracunculusmedinensis (Guinea worm).

• Contact Diseases

  Gonorrhoea, syphilis, Tineapedis (athlete/foot), Taeniacapitis (ringworm), leprosy, scabies, and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

• Diseases due to Growth in Cells, Heredity and Disorders

  Cancer, diabetes, epilepsy, haemophilia, heart disease, hypertension, ulcer, mental illness, sickle cell, rheumatism, infertility, asthma, albinism.

• Family Life and Human Sexuality Education

  This module covers human reproduction, sexuality, family dynamics, challenges, planning, and population education.

• Definition of Terms

  Reproduction, sex gametes, ovulation, menstruation, fertilization, pregnancy, and gestation. Includes secondary sexual characteristics, menstrual cycle, sex determination, antenatal care, causes of infertility, artificial insemination, and test tube babies.

• Meaning and Importance of Human Sexuality Education

  Includes the meaning of sexuality, sexuality education, sexual reproductive health rights, gender, and equality.

• Emotional and Social Health

  This module explores the interrelationship between emotional and social well-being, focusing on personality, mental health, and their importance.

• Consumer Health Education

  This module educates on consumer health products and services, related laws, influencing factors, and the dangers of quackery and nostrums.

• Consumer Health Products and Services

  Importance of checking labels and expiry dates, various agencies promoting consumer health, and features of genuine products and services.

• Quacks and Quackery

  Meaning and types of quackery such as mechanical, electrical, drug, cosmetic, and medical quackery, highlighting their dangers.