What this topic covers
Composition of the nucleus: Protons and neutrons. Nucleon number (A), proton number (Z), neutron number (N) and the equation: A=Z+N to be treated. Nuclides and their notation. Isotopes. Radioactivity: Natural and artificial. Radioactive elements, radioactive emissions (α,β, γ) and their properties and uses. Detection of radiations by G – M counter, photographic plates, etc. should be mentioned. Radioactive decay, half-life and decay constant. Transformation of elements. Applications of radioactivity in agriculture, medicine, industry, archaeology, etc. Nuclear reactions: Fusion and Fission. Distinction between fusion and fission. Binding energy, mass defect and energy equation: E=Δmc². Nuclear reactors. Atomic bomb. Radiation hazards and safety precautions. Peaceful uses of nuclear reactions.
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