Electric Field - Current Electricity

What this topic covers

Production of electric current from primary and secondary cells: Simple cell and its defects, Daniel cell, Lechanché cell (wet and dry). Lead-acid accumulator. Alkalne-cadium cell. E.m.f. of a cell, the volt (V) as unit of e.m.f. Potential difference and electric current: Ohm's law and resistance, verification of Ohm's law. The volt (V), ampere (A) and ohm (Ω) as units of p.d., current and resistance respectively. Electric circuit: Series and parallel arrangement of cells and resistors. Lost volt and internal resistance of batteries. Electric conduction through materials: Ohmic and non-ohmic conductors (examples like metals vs. semiconductors). Electric energy and power: Quantitative definition of electrical energy and power. Heating effect of an electric current and its application. Conversion of electrical energy to mechanical energy (e.g., electric motors). Conversion of solar energy to electrical and heat energies (e.g., solar cells, solar heaters). Shunt and multiplier: Use in conversion of a galvanometer into an ammeter and a voltmeter. Resistivity and Conductivity: Factors affecting the electrical resistance of a material; simple problems may be set. Measurement of electric current, potential difference, resistance, e.m.f. and internal resistance of a cell: Principle of operation and use of ammeter, voltmeter, potentiometer, the Wheatstone bridge and metre bridge.